1 /******************************************************************************
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2 * Copyright (C) 2008 by Diego Arroyuelo *
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3 * Interface for the in-memory XQuery/XPath engine *
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5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify *
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6 * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published *
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7 * by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or *
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8 * (at your option) any later version. *
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10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
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11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
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12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the *
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13 * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. *
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15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License *
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16 * along with this program; if not, write to the *
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17 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., *
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18 * 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. *
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19 ******************************************************************************/
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25 #include <unordered_set>
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26 #include <unordered_map>
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28 #include "TextCollection/TextCollectionBuilder.h"
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35 #include <libcds/includes/basics.h>
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36 #include <static_bitsequence.h>
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37 #include <alphabet_mapper.h>
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38 #include <static_sequence.h>
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39 using SXSI::TextCollection;
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40 using SXSI::TextCollectionBuilder;
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43 // this constant is used to efficiently compute the child operation in the tree
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48 #define PERM_SAMPLE 10
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51 typedef int treeNode;
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52 typedef int TagType;
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60 // Encoding of the XML Document :
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61 // The following TAGs and IDs are fixed, "" is the tag of the root.
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62 // a TextNode is represented by a leaf <<$>></<$>> The DocId in the TextCollection
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63 // of that leaf is kept in a bit sequence.
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64 // a TextNode below an attribute is likewise represented by a leaf <<@$>><</@$>>
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65 // An element <e a1="v1" a2="v2" ... an="vn" > ...</e> the representation is:
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66 // <e><<@>> <<@>a1> <<$@>>DocID(v1)</<$@>></<@>a1> ... </<@>> .... </e>
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67 // Hence the attributes (if any) are always below the first child of their element,
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68 // as the children of a fake node <@>.
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71 #define DOCUMENT_OPEN_TAG ""
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72 #define DOCUMENT_TAG_ID 0
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73 #define ATTRIBUTE_OPEN_TAG "<@>"
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74 #define ATTRIBUTE_TAG_ID 1
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75 #define PCDATA_OPEN_TAG "<$>"
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76 #define PCDATA_TAG_ID 2
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77 #define ATTRIBUTE_DATA_OPEN_TAG "<@$>"
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78 #define ATTRIBUTE_DATA_TAG_ID 3
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79 #define CLOSING_TAG "</>"
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80 #define CLOSING_TAG_ID 4
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81 #define DOCUMENT_CLOSE_TAG "/"
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82 #define ATTRIBUTE_CLOSE_TAG "/<@>"
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83 #define PCDATA_CLOSE_TAG "/<$>"
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84 #define ATTRIBUTE_DATA_CLOSE_TAG "/<@$>"
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87 typedef std::unordered_set<int> TagIdSet;
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88 typedef std::unordered_map<std::string,int> TagIdMap;
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89 typedef TagIdMap::const_iterator TagIdMapIT;
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91 #define REGISTER_TAG(v,h,t) do { (h)->insert(std::make_pair((t),(v)->size()));\
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92 (v)->push_back(t); } while (false)
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94 // returns NULLT if the test is true
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95 #define NULLT_IF(x) do { if (x) return NULLT; } while (0)
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97 // Direct calls to sarray library
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99 static inline int fast_find_close(bp *b,int s)
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101 return fwd_excess(b,s,-1);
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104 static inline int fast_inspect(bp* Par,treeNode i)
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109 return (Par->B[j] >> (D-1-l)) & 1;
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112 static bool fast_isleaf(bp* Par,treeNode x){
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113 return (fast_inspect(Par, x+1) == CP);
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116 static treeNode fast_first_child(bp *Par, treeNode x)
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119 return (fast_inspect(Par,x) == OP) ? x : NULLT;
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122 inline static treeNode fast_next_sibling(bp* Par,treeNode x)
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124 treeNode y = fast_find_close(Par,x)+1;
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125 return (fast_inspect(Par, y) == OP) ? y : NULLT;
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128 inline static bool fast_is_ancestor(bp * Par,treeNode x,treeNode y){
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129 return (x <= y) && ((x==0) || (y <= fast_find_close(Par,x)));
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132 // tag position -> tree node
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133 static treeNode tagpos2node(int t)
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135 return (treeNode) t;
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137 // tree node -> tag position
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138 static int node2tagpos(treeNode x)
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144 class XMLTreeBuilder;
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148 // Only the builder can access the constructor
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149 friend class XMLTreeBuilder;
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152 /** Balanced parentheses representation of the tree */
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155 /** Mapping from tag identifer to tag name */
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156 std::vector<std::string> *TagName;
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159 /** Bit vector indicating with a 1 the positions of the non-empty texts. */
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160 static_bitsequence *EBVector;
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162 /** Tag sequence represented with a data structure for rank and select */
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163 static_sequence *Tags;
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165 uint tags_blen, tags_len;
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167 /** The texts in the XML document */
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168 TextCollection *Text;
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170 // Allows to disable the TextCollection for benchmarkin purposes
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175 std::string * buffer;
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176 void myfputs(const char* s, FILE * fp){
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178 if (buffer->size() >= 100000){
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179 fputs(buffer->c_str(),fp);
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184 void myfputc(const char c, FILE*fp){
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185 buffer->append(1,c);
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186 if (buffer->size() >= 100000){
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187 fputs(buffer->c_str(),fp);
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191 void mybufferflush(FILE* fp){
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192 fputs(buffer->c_str(), fp);
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196 size_t myfprintf(const char* s, FILE * fp){
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199 size_t i = buffer->size();
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201 size_t j = buffer->size();
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202 if (buffer->size() >= 100000){
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203 fputs(buffer->c_str(),fp);
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209 void PrintNode(treeNode n, int fd);
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210 /** Data structure constructors */
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211 XMLTree(){ buffer = 0;};
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213 // non const pointer are freed by this method.
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214 XMLTree( pb * const par, uint npar, std::vector<std::string> * const TN, TagIdMap * const tim, uint *empty_texts_bmp, TagType *tags,
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215 TextCollection * const TC, bool dis_tc);
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218 /** Data structure destructor */
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221 /** root(): returns the tree root. */
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222 treeNode Root() { return 0; }
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224 /** Size() : Number of parenthesis */
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225 unsigned int Size(){
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230 /** NumTags() : Number of distinct tags */
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231 unsigned int NumTags() {
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232 return TagName->size();
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235 int TagsBinaryLength(){ return tags_blen; };
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236 unsigned int TagStructLength(){ return uint_len(tags_blen,tags_len); };
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237 unsigned int * TagStruct() { return tags_fix; };
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240 /** SubtreeSize(x): the number of nodes (and attributes) in the subtree of
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242 int SubtreeSize(treeNode x);
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244 /** SubtreeTags(x,tag): the number of occurrences of tag within the subtree
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246 int SubtreeTags(treeNode x, TagType tag);
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248 /** SubtreeElements(x) of element nodes in the subtree of x
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250 int SubtreeElements(treeNode x);
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252 /** IsLeaf(x): returns whether node x is leaf or not. In the succinct
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253 * representation this is just a bit inspection. */
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255 bool IsLeaf(treeNode x);
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257 /** IsAncestor(x,y): returns whether node x is ancestor of node y. */
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259 bool IsAncestor(treeNode x, treeNode y);
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261 /** IsChild(x,y): returns whether node x is parent of node y. */
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262 bool IsChild(treeNode x, treeNode y);
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264 /** IsFirstChild(x): returns whether node x is the first child of its parent. */
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266 bool IsFirstChild(treeNode x) {
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267 return ((x != NULLT)&&(x==Root() || prev_sibling(Par,x) == (treeNode)-1));
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270 /** NumChildren(x): number of children of node x. Constant time with the
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271 * data structure of Sadakane. */
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272 int NumChildren(treeNode x);
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274 /** ChildNumber(x): returns i if node x is the i-th children of its
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276 int ChildNumber(treeNode x);
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278 /** Depth(x): depth of node x, a simple binary rank on the parentheses
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280 int Depth(treeNode x);
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282 /** Preorder(x): returns the preorder number of node x, just regarding tree
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283 * nodes (and not texts). */
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284 int Preorder(treeNode x);
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286 /** Postorder(x): returns the postorder number of node x, just regarding
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287 * tree nodes (and not texts). */
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288 int Postorder(treeNode x);
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291 /** DocIds(x): returns the range (i.e., a pair of integers) of document
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292 * identifiers that descend from node x. */
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293 range DocIds(treeNode x);
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295 /** Parent(x): returns the parent node of node x. */
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296 treeNode Parent(treeNode x) {
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300 return parent(Par, x);
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302 /* Assumes x is neither 0 nor -1 */
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304 /** Child(x,i): returns the i-th child of node x, assuming it exists. */
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305 treeNode Child(treeNode x, int i);
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309 /** LastChild(x): returns the last child of node x. */
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310 treeNode LastChild(treeNode x);
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314 /** PrevSibling(x): returns the previous sibling of node x, assuming it
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317 treeNode PrevSibling(treeNode x);
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319 /** TaggedChild(x,tag): returns the first child of node x tagged tag, or
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320 * NULLT if there is none. Because of the balanced-parentheses representation
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321 * of the tree, this operation is not supported efficiently, just iterating
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322 * among the children of node x until finding the desired child. */
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325 treeNode SelectChild(treeNode x, TagIdSet * tags);
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327 /** TaggedFollowingSibling(x,tag): returns the first sibling of node x tagged tag, or
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328 * NULLT if there is none. */
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330 treeNode SelectFollowingSibling(treeNode x, TagIdSet * tags);
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335 treeNode SelectDescendant(treeNode x, TagIdSet * tags);
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337 /** TaggedPrec(x,tag): returns the first node tagged tag with smaller
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338 * preorder than x and not an ancestor of x. Returns NULLT if there
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340 treeNode TaggedPreceding(treeNode x, TagType tag);
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342 /** TaggedFoll(x,tag): returns the first node tagged tag with larger
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343 * preorder than x and not in the subtree of x. Returns NULLT if there
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345 treeNode TaggedFollowing(treeNode x, TagType tag);
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349 treeNode SelectFollowingBelow(treeNode x, TagIdSet * tags, treeNode ancestor);
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351 // treeNode TaggedFollowingBefore(treeNode x, TagType tag,treeNode closing);
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353 treeNode SelectFollowingBefore(treeNode x, TagIdSet * tags, treeNode closing);
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355 /** TaggedAncestor(x, tag): returns the closest ancestor of x tagged
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356 * tag. Return NULLT is there is none. */
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357 treeNode TaggedAncestor(treeNode x, TagType tag);
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359 /** PrevText(x): returns the document identifier of the text to the left of
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360 * node x, or NULLT if x is the root node. */
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361 DocID PrevText(treeNode x);
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363 /** NextText(x): returns the document identifier of the text to the right of
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364 * node x, or NULLT if x is the root node. */
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365 DocID NextText(treeNode x);
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367 /** MyText(x): returns the document identifier of the text below node x, or
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368 * NULLT if x is not a leaf node. */
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369 DocID MyText(treeNode x);
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370 DocID MyTextUnsafe(treeNode x);
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372 /** TextXMLId(d): returns the preorder of document with identifier d in the
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373 * tree consisting of all tree nodes and all text nodes. */
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374 int TextXMLId(DocID d);
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376 /** NodeXMLId(x): returns the preorder of node x in the tree consisting of
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377 * all tree nodes and all text nodes. */
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378 int NodeXMLId(treeNode x);
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380 /** ParentNode(d): returns the parent node of document identifier d. */
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381 treeNode ParentNode(DocID d);
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383 treeNode PrevNode(DocID d);
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385 /** GetTagId(tagname): returns the tag identifier corresponding to a given
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386 * tag name. Returns NULLT in case that the tag name does not exists. */
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387 TagType GetTagId(unsigned char *tagname);
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389 /** GetTagName(tagid): returns the tag name of a given tag identifier.
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390 * Returns NULL in case that the tag identifier is not valid.*/
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391 unsigned char *GetTagName(TagType tagid);
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393 /** GetTagName(tagid): returns the tag name of a given tag identifier.
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394 * The result is just a reference and should not be freed by the caller.
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396 const unsigned char *GetTagNameByRef(TagType tagid);
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398 /** RegisterTag adds a new tag to the tag collection this is needed
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399 * if the query contains a tag which is not in the document, we need
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400 * to give this new tag a fresh id and store it somewhere. A logical
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402 * We might want to use a hashtable instead of an array though.
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404 TagType RegisterTag(unsigned char *tagname);
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406 bool EmptyText(DocID i) {
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407 return Text->EmptyText(i);
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410 /** Prefix(s): search for texts prefixed by string s. */
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411 TextCollection::document_result Prefix(uchar const *s) {
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412 return Text->Prefix(s);
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415 /** Suffix(s): search for texts having string s as a suffix. */
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416 TextCollection::document_result Suffix(uchar const *s) {
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417 return Text->Suffix(s);
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420 /** Equal(s): search for texts equal to string s. */
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421 TextCollection::document_result Equals(uchar const *s) {
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422 return Text->Equal(s);
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425 /** Contains(s): search for texts containing string s. */
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426 TextCollection::document_result Contains(uchar const *s) {
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427 return Text->Contains(s);
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430 /** LessThan(s): returns document identifiers for the texts that
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431 * are lexicographically smaller than string s. */
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432 TextCollection::document_result LessThan(uchar const *s) {
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433 return Text->LessThan(s);
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436 /** IsPrefix(x): returns true if there is a text prefixed by string s. */
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437 bool IsPrefix(uchar const *s) {
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438 return Text->IsPrefix(s);
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441 /** IsSuffix(s): returns true if there is a text having string s as a
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443 bool IsSuffix(uchar const *s) {
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444 return Text->IsSuffix(s);
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447 /** IsEqual(s): returns true if there is a text that equals given
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449 bool IsEqual(uchar const *s) {
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450 return Text->IsEqual(s);
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453 /** IsContains(s): returns true if there is a text containing string s. */
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454 bool IsContains(uchar const *s) {
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455 return Text->IsContains(s);
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458 /** IsLessThan(s): returns true if there is at least a text that is
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459 * lexicographically smaller than string s. */
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460 bool IsLessThan(uchar const *s) {
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461 return Text->IsLessThan(s);
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464 /** Count(s): Global counting */
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465 unsigned Count(uchar const *s) {
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466 return Text->Count(s);
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469 /** CountPrefix(s): counting version of Prefix(s). */
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470 unsigned CountPrefix(uchar const *s) {
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471 return Text->CountPrefix(s);
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474 /** CountSuffix(s): counting version of Suffix(s). */
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475 unsigned CountSuffix(uchar const *s) {
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476 return Text->CountSuffix(s);
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479 /** CountEqual(s): counting version of Equal(s). */
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480 unsigned CountEqual(uchar const *s) {
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481 return Text->CountEqual(s);
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484 /** CountContains(s): counting version of Contains(s). */
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485 unsigned CountContains(uchar const *s) {
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486 return Text->CountContains(s);
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489 /** CountLessThan(s): counting version of LessThan(s). */
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490 unsigned CountLessThan(uchar const *s) {
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491 return Text->CountLessThan(s);
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494 /** GetText(d): returns the text corresponding to document with
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496 uchar* GetText(DocID d) {
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498 uchar * s = Text->GetText(d);
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499 return (s[0] == 1 ? (s+1) : s);
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502 /** GetText(i, j): returns the texts corresponding to documents with
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503 * ids i, i+1, ..., j. Texts are separated by '\0' character. */
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504 // uchar* GetText(DocID i, DocID j) {
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505 // uchar * s = Text->GetText(i, j);
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506 // return (s[0] == 1 ? (uchar*)"" : s);
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509 TextCollection *getTextCollection() {
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513 /** Save: saves XML tree data structure to file. */
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514 void Save(int fd, char *filename);
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516 /** Load: loads XML tree data structure from file. sample_rate_text
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517 * indicates the sample rate for the text search data structure. */
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518 static XMLTree *Load(int fd, char *filename, bool load_tc, int sample_factor);
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520 void insertTag(TagType tag, uint position);
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522 void print_stats();
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525 /** Parenthesis functions */
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526 treeNode Closing(treeNode x);
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528 bool IsOpen(treeNode x);
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531 /** Print procedure */
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532 void Print(int fd,treeNode x, bool no_text);
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533 void Print(int fd,treeNode x) { Print(fd,x,false); }
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535 // The following are inlined here for speed
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536 /** Tag(x): returns the tag identifier of node x. */
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538 inline TagType Tag(treeNode x) const throw () {
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539 if (tags_blen == 8)
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540 return (TagType) (((uchar*)tags_fix)[(int) x]);
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542 return get_field(tags_fix, tags_blen, x);
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545 size_t idxlen = x * tags_blen;
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546 size_t j = idxlen % W;
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547 size_t i = idxlen / W;
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548 size_t offset = W - tags_blen;
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549 size_t offset2 = offset - j;
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550 size_t w = tags_fix[i];
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551 return (offset2 >= 0)
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552 ? ( w << offset2 ) >> offset
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553 : ( w >> j) | (tags_fix[i+1] << (W+offset2)) >> offset;
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558 /** FirstChild(x): returns the first child of node x, or NULLT if the node is a leaf
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560 treeNode FirstChild(treeNode x) {
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561 NULLT_IF(x==NULLT);
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562 return fast_first_child(Par, x);
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566 /** FirstElement(x): returns the first non text, non attribute child of node x, or NULLT
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569 treeNode FirstElement(treeNode x){
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571 NULLT_IF(x==NULLT);
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572 x = fast_first_child(Par, x);
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573 NULLT_IF(x == NULLT);
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576 case PCDATA_TAG_ID:
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578 return (fast_inspect(Par,x)==OP)? x : NULLT;
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580 case ATTRIBUTE_TAG_ID:
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581 x = fast_next_sibling(Par,x);
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582 if (x != NULLT && Tag(x) == PCDATA_TAG_ID){
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584 return (fast_inspect(Par,x)==OP)? x : NULLT;
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593 /** NextSibling(x): returns the next sibling of node x, or NULLT if none
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596 treeNode NextSibling(treeNode x) {
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598 return fast_next_sibling(Par, x);
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601 /** NextElement(x): returns the first non text, non attribute sibling of node x, or NULLT
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604 treeNode NextElement(treeNode x)
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607 x = fast_next_sibling(Par, x);
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608 NULLT_IF(x == NULLT);
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609 if (Tag(x) == PCDATA_TAG_ID){
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611 return (fast_inspect(Par,x)==OP)? x : NULLT;
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615 /** TaggedDesc(x,tag): returns the first node tagged tag with larger
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616 * preorder than x and within the subtree of x. Returns NULT if there
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618 inline treeNode TaggedDescendant(treeNode x, TagType tag)
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621 int s = (int) Tags->select_next(tag,node2tagpos(x));
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622 NULLT_IF (s == -1);
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624 treeNode y = tagpos2node(s); // transforms the tag position into a node position
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626 return (fast_is_ancestor(Par,x,y) ? y : NULLT);
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629 inline treeNode TaggedFollowingBelow(treeNode x, TagType tag, treeNode ancestor)
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631 treeNode close = fast_find_close(Par, x);
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632 treeNode s = tagpos2node(Tags->select_next(tag, close));
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634 if (ancestor == Root() || s == NULLT || s < fast_find_close(Par,ancestor)) return s;
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638 inline treeNode TaggedFollowingBefore(treeNode x, TagType tag, treeNode ancestor_closing)
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640 treeNode close = fast_find_close(Par, x);
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641 treeNode s = tagpos2node(Tags->select_next(tag, close));
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643 if (ancestor_closing == Root() || s == NULLT || s < ancestor_closing) return s;
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647 // TaggedSibling(x,tag): returns the first sibling of node x tagged tag, or NULLT if there is none.
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648 treeNode TaggedFollowingSibling(treeNode x, TagType tag)
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650 NULLT_IF(x==NULLT);
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651 treeNode sibling = x;
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653 while ((sibling = fast_next_sibling(Par, sibling)) != NULLT) {
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654 ctag = Tag(sibling);
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655 if (ctag == tag) return sibling;
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660 treeNode TaggedChild(treeNode x, TagType tag)
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663 NULLT_IF(x==NULLT || fast_isleaf(Par,x));
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665 child = fast_first_child(Par, x);
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667 if (Tag(child) == tag)
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670 return TaggedFollowingSibling(child, tag);
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